ΣΤ’ Δημοτικού – Unit 4

The history of the aeroplane

A Day at the Museum, An air-pocket and The Fall of Icarus. Learn about planes, flights, inventors and a famous myth while practising past tenses.

Lessons Vocabulary Grammar Project

Unit map

Theme: aeroplanes, flight history, safety and Icarus.

Grammar: Past Simple, Past Continuous, when/while, linking words.

Project: poems, paintings, pictures or information about the fall of Icarus.

Lessons

Τα 3 lessons του Unit 4

Lesson 1 — A Day at the Museum

Learn about the history of the aeroplane and important inventions.

Lesson 2 — An air-pocket

Read and talk about a flight incident using Past Simple and Past Continuous.

Lesson 3 — The Fall of Icarus

Work with the myth of Daedalus and Icarus, then create a project.

Vocabulary flip cards

24 λέξεις – πάτησε την κάρτα

24-student flip-card round. Πατάς την κάρτα, βλέπεις Ελληνικά / Αγγλικά και λες μία πρόταση.

#1aeroplaneTap to check#1αεροπλάνοThe aeroplane flies high.

#2flightTap to check#2πτήσηThe first flight was short.

#3wingTap to check#3φτερό / πτέρυγαAn aeroplane has wings.

#4pilotTap to check#4πιλότοςThe pilot controls the plane.

#5engineTap to check#5μηχανήThe engine is powerful.

#6museumTap to check#6μουσείοWe visited an aviation museum.

#7inventorTap to check#7εφευρέτηςAn inventor makes new things.

#8inventionTap to check#8εφεύρεσηThe aeroplane was an important invention.

#9gliderTap to check#9ανεμόπτεροA glider flies without an engine.

#10air-pocketTap to check#10κενό αέροςThe plane hit an air-pocket.

#11take offTap to check#11απογειώνομαιThe plane takes off at noon.

#12landTap to check#12προσγειώνομαιThe plane lands safely.

#13passengerTap to check#13επιβάτηςThe passengers were nervous.

#14seat beltTap to check#14ζώνη ασφαλείαςFasten your seat belt.

#15regular verbTap to check#15ομαλό ρήμαVisit becomes visited.

#16irregular verbTap to check#16ανώμαλο ρήμαFly becomes flew.

#17Past SimpleTap to check#17Αόριστος / απλός παρελθοντικόςWe use Past Simple for finished actions.

#18Past ContinuousTap to check#18παρατατικός παρελθόντοςI was flying over the sea.

#19whileTap to check#19ενώI was reading while he was drawing.

#20whenTap to check#20ότανI was sleeping when the phone rang.

#21IcarusTap to check#21ΊκαροςIcarus flew too close to the sun.

#22DaedalusTap to check#22ΔαίδαλοςDaedalus made wings.

#23waxTap to check#23κερίThe wings had wax.

#24featherTap to check#24φτερόThe wings had feathers.

Vocabulary

Λεξιλόγιο Αγγλικά – Ελληνικά

Words and phrases about aeroplanes, flight, inventors, air travel and the myth of Icarus.

Aeroplane and flight

aeroplane	αεροπλάνο
aircraft	αεροσκάφος
flight	πτήση
wing	πτέρυγα / φτερό
engine	μηχανή
propeller	έλικας
cockpit	πιλοτήριο
cabin	καμπίνα
airport	αεροδρόμιο
runway	διάδρομος απογείωσης
take off	απογειώνομαι
land	προσγειώνομαι

People and places

pilot	πιλότος
passenger	επιβάτης
inventor	εφευρέτης
engineer	μηχανικός
mechanic	μηχανικός επισκευής
visitor	επισκέπτης
guide	ξεναγός
museum	μουσείο
exhibition	έκθεση
aviation	αεροπορία
pioneer	πρωτοπόρος
scientist	επιστήμονας

History and invention

invention	εφεύρεση
experiment	πείραμα
design	σχεδιάζω / σχέδιο
build	χτίζω / κατασκευάζω
test	δοκιμάζω
discover	ανακαλύπτω
success	επιτυχία
failure	αποτυχία
century	αιώνας
in the past	στο παρελθόν
long ago	πριν από πολύ καιρό
modern	σύγχρονος

Air-pocket and safety

air-pocket	κενό αέρος
turbulence	αναταράξεις
seat belt	ζώνη ασφαλείας
fasten	δένω / κουμπώνω
safe	ασφαλής
dangerous	επικίνδυνος
nervous	αγχωμένος
calm	ήρεμος
suddenly	ξαφνικά
shake	κουνιέμαι
fall	πέφτω
crash	συντρίβομαι

Icarus myth

Icarus	Ίκαρος
Daedalus	Δαίδαλος
myth	μύθος
island	νησί
escape	δραπετεύω
fly	πετώ
wax	κερί
feather	φτερό
sun	ήλιος
sea	θάλασσα
too close	πολύ κοντά
fall into	πέφτω μέσα σε

Past Simple verbs

invent – invented	εφευρίσκω
visit – visited	επισκέπτομαι
try – tried	προσπαθώ / δοκιμάζω
study – studied	μελετώ
stop – stopped	σταματώ
travel – travelled	ταξιδεύω
fly – flew	πετώ
make – made	φτιάχνω
build – built	κατασκευάζω
fall – fell	πέφτω
take – took	παίρνω
see – saw	βλέπω

Past Continuous phrases

I was flying	πετούσα
you were watching	παρακολουθούσες
he was reading	διάβαζε
she was listening	άκουγε
we were visiting	επισκεπτόμασταν
they were travelling	ταξίδευαν
while	ενώ
when	όταν
at that moment	εκείνη τη στιγμή
all morning	όλο το πρωί
from 5 to 6	από τις 5 ως τις 6
in the sky	στον ουρανό

Linking words

first	πρώτα
then	μετά
after that	μετά από αυτό
later	αργότερα
finally	τελικά
because	επειδή
so	οπότε / έτσι
but	αλλά
and	και
however	ωστόσο
while	ενώ
when	όταν

Grammar Corner

Grammar explanations – Γραμματική

Past Simple affirmative

English: Use Past Simple for finished actions in the past. Regular verbs usually take -ed, but many common verbs are irregular.

Ελληνικά: Χρησιμοποιούμε Past Simple για ολοκληρωμένες πράξεις στο παρελθόν.

The Wright brothers invented an aeroplane.
Icarus flew too close to the sun.
We visited the museum yesterday.

Past Simple questions

English: Use did + subject + base verb. The main verb stays simple.

Ελληνικά: Στις ερωτήσεις βάζουμε did και το ρήμα μένει απλό.

Did they build a glider?
Where did Icarus fly?
When did the plane take off?

Past Simple negatives

English: Use didn’t + base verb. Do not add -ed after didn’t.

Ελληνικά: Στην άρνηση βάζουμε didn’t + απλό ρήμα.

The pilot didn’t panic.
Icarus didn’t listen to his father.
They didn’t land at the airport.

Past Continuous

English: Use was/were + -ing for an action in progress in the past.

Ελληνικά: Χρησιμοποιούμε was/were + -ing για πράξη που βρισκόταν σε εξέλιξη στο παρελθόν.

The passengers were sleeping.
The plane was flying over the sea.
I was looking out of the window.

Past Simple + Past Continuous

English: Use Past Continuous for the longer action and Past Simple for the shorter event that interrupted it.

Ελληνικά: Past Continuous για τη μεγαλύτερη πράξη, Past Simple για αυτό που τη διέκοψε.

The plane was flying when it hit an air-pocket.
I was reading when the pilot spoke.
Icarus was flying when the wax melted.

Linking words

English: Use first, then, after that, finally, because, so, when and while to connect a story.

Ελληνικά: Με linking words οργανώνουμε ιστορίες και περιγραφές.

First, Daedalus made wings.
Icarus flew high because he was excited.
The wax melted, so he fell into the sea.

Practice

Let’s practise

Read carefully, complete the activities and check your answers.

A. Flight vocabulary riddles

Planes sometimes fall into it: ______
A person travelling on a plane: ______
It lands on water: ______
A journey in the air: ______
This force pulls the plane backward: ______
This force pulls the plane down: ______
A helicopter can ______ anywhere.
The person who controls a plane: ______
This force pushes the plane upward: ______
Birds have got wings, so they can ______.

Show answers – Δες τις λύσεις

air pocket
passenger
seaplane
flight
drag
gravity
land
pilot
lift
fly

B. Parts of the plane or forces of flight?

Put these words in two groups: drag, tail, rudder, fuselage, landing gear, wings, engine, gravity, thrust, cockpit, lift.
Group 1: Parts of the plane
Group 2: Forces of flight
Then write two sentences: one about a plane part and one about a force of flight.

Show answers – Δες τις λύσεις

Parts: tail, rudder, fuselage, landing gear, wings, engine, cockpit.
Forces: drag, gravity, thrust, lift.
Example: The fuselage is the body of the plane.
Example: Lift pushes the plane upward.

C. Complete the flight text

The ______ of the plane welcomed the passengers on board.
The ______ asked them to fasten their seat belts.
When everything was OK, the plane ______.
The plane didn’t fall into an ______.
Maria remembered the four ______ of flight.
The body of the plane is called the ______.
The wheels of the plane are the ______.
After four hours, the plane ______ at Heathrow.
Maria visited the pilot in the ______.

Show answers – Δες τις λύσεις

pilot
airhostess
took off
air pocket
forces
fuselage
landing gear
landed
cockpit

D. Montgolfier Brothers: Past Simple challenge

Complete with the correct Past Simple: invent, launch, be, make, burn, fill, begin, be, send, last, survive, watch.
The Montgolfier Brothers ______ the hot-air balloon.
They ______ their first balloon in France.
It ______ made of paper and cloth.
They ______ straw and wool under it.
Hot air ______ the balloon and it ______ to rise.
The first passengers ______ animals.
The flight ______ only a few minutes, but the animals ______.

Show answers – Δες τις λύσεις

invented
launched
was
burnt / burned
filled / began
were
lasted / survived

E. Mr Badluck’s story: join and narrate

Mr Badluck was packing his suitcase ______ he realised he was late.
______ he was driving to the airport, a bicycle ran into him.
The cyclist had a bad injury, ______ Mr Badluck took him to hospital.
______ that, he rushed to the airport.
As he was approaching the airport, he saw a plane ______ off.
Finally, he changed his ticket for the next flight. Now rewrite the whole story in 6–8 sentences.

Show answers – Δες τις λύσεις

when
While
so
After
taking
Full story should use: when, while, so, after that, as, finally.

F. Icarus: picture/poem response

Look at a painting or picture of Icarus. Describe what you can see in 5 sentences.
Use at least three adjectives: bright, dangerous, frightened, lonely, calm, dark, golden.
Write one sentence with Past Continuous.
Write one sentence with Past Simple.
Write one sentence explaining the lesson of the myth.
Optional: write a short 4-line poem about the fall of Icarus.

Show answers – Δες τις λύσεις

Example: I can see Icarus falling into the sea. The sun is bright and dangerous. He was flying too close to the sun. The wax melted and his wings broke. The myth teaches us to listen to good advice.

Project

The Fall of Icarus project

Art project

Draw or find a picture of Icarus. Add 8–10 English labels and a short description.

Poem project

Write a short poem about flying, the sun, the sea and freedom.

Information project

Make a mini poster about Daedalus and Icarus or about the first aeroplane.